Table 1 Case definition for the classification of malaria
From: Malaria elimination in Malaysia and the rising threat of Plasmodium knowlesi
| Malaria case | Confirmed malaria case (or infection) in which the parasite has been detected in a diagnostic test, i.e., microscopy, a rapid test, or a molecular diagnostic test |
| Malaria case, introduced | A case contracted locally, with strong epidemiological evidence linking it directly to a known imported case (first-generation local transmission) |
| Malaria case, imported | Malaria case or infection in which the infection was acquired outside the area in which it is diagnosed |
| Malaria case, indigenous | A case contracted locally with no evidence of importation and no direct link to transmission from an imported case |
| Malaria elimination | Interruption of local transmission (reduction to zero incidence of indigenous case) of a specified (human) malaria parasite in a defined geographical area as a result of deliberate activities. Continued measures to prevent re-establishment of transmission are required |